Study data from Yonsei University, Medical Department provide new insights into diabetes
2009 JUL 13 - (NewsRx.com) -- According to a study from Seoul, South Korea, "Rosiglitazone and fenofibrate, specific agonists of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptors-gamma (PPAR gamma) and -alpha (PPAR alpha), respectively, improve insulin sensitivity in diabetic animals and in patients with type 2 diabetes. Here we investigated how pre-diabetic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats fed with normal and high-fat diets respond to these PPAR agonists." "Main methods: Pre-diabetic OLETF rats were subjected to high-fat or standard diets with or without rosiglitazone or fenofibrate for 2 weeks. The metabolism of the rats and the levels of malonyl-CoA and activities of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase (MCD), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in metabolic tissues were assessed. Key findings: Rosiglitazone and fenofibrate significantly improved insulin sensitivity and reduced the levels of plasma triglycerides and free fatty acids in OLETF rats fed with a high-fat diet. Fenofibrate particularly reduced the body weight, fat, and total cholesterol in high fat diet OLETF rats. The highly elevated malonyl-CoA levels in the skeletal muscle and liver of OLETF rat were significantly reduced by rosiglitazone or fenofibrate due to, in part, the increased MCD activities and expression. On the other hand, ACC activities were unchanged in skeletal muscle and decreased in liver in high fat diet group. AMPK activities were dramatically decreased in OLETF rats and not affected by these agonists," wrote Z.S. Zhao and colleagues, Yonsei University, Medical Department. The researchers concluded: "These results demonstrate that treatment of pre-diabetic OLETF rats-particularly those fed a high-fat diet-with rosiglitazone and fenofibrate significantly improves insulin sensitivity and fatty acid metabolism by increasing the activity of MCD and reducing malonyl-CoA levels in the liver and skeletal muscle." Zhao and colleagues published their study in Life Sciences (Rosiglitazone and fenofibrate improve insulin sensitivity of pre-diabetic OLETF rats by reducing malonyl-CoA levels in the liver and skeletal muscle. Life Sciences, 2009;84(19-20):688-695). For more information, contact B.S. Cha, Yonsei University, College Medical, Dept. of Internal Medical, 134 Shinchon Dong, Seoul 120749, South Korea. Publisher contact information for the journal Life Sciences is: Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd., the Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, England. Keywords: South Korea, Seoul, Drugs, Endocrinology, Fenofibrate, Fibrinolytic Agent, Hypoglycemic Agent, Metabolism, Non-insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Pharmaceuticals, Rosiglitazone, Thazolidinedione, Therapy, Treatment, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Vasodilator Agent, Wellness, Yonsei University, Medical Department. This article was prepared by Diabetes Week editors from staff and other reports. Copyright 2009, Diabetes Week via NewsRx.com.
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