Dendritic Cell Vaccine
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Findings from Korea University advance knowledge in vaccines
2007 APR 17 -- A report, "Enhancing dendritic cell vaccine potency by combining a BAK/BAX siRNA-mediated antiapoptotic strategy to prolong dendritic cell life with an intracellular strategy to target antigen to lysosomal compartments," is newly published data in International Journal of Cancer. According to a study from Korea, "Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines have become important in immunotherapeutics as a measure for generating antitumor immune responses. We have previously demonstrated that linkage of the antigen gene to a lysosomal targeting signal, a sorting signal of the lysosome-associated membrane protein type 1 (LAMP-1), enhances the potency of DC-based vaccines." "DCs have a limited life span, hindering their long-term ability to prime antigen-specific T cells. In this study, we attempted to further improve the potency of a DC vaccine that targets human papilloma virus 16 (HPV16) E7 to a lysosomal compartment (DC-Sig/E7/LAMP-1) by combining a strategy to prolong DC life. We show that small interfering RNA-targeting Bak and Bax proteins can be used to allow transfected DCs to resist being killed by T cells. This is done by downregulating these proapoptotic proteins, which have been known as so-called gate keepers in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. DCs expressing intact E7 or Sig/E7/LAMP-1 became resistant to attack by CD8+ T cells after transfection with BAK/BAX siRNA, leading to enhanced E7-specific T cell activation in vitro and in vivo. More importantly, vaccination with E7-presenting DCs transfected with BAK/BAX siRNA generated a strong therapeutic effect against an E7-expressing tumor in vaccinated mice, compared with DCs transfected with control siRNA," wrote T.H. Kang and colleagues, Korea University. The researchers concluded: "Our data indicate that a combination of strategies to enhance intracellular Ag processing and to prolong DC life may offer a promising strategy for improving DC vaccine potency." Kang and colleagues published their study in International Journal of Cancer (Enhancing dendritic cell vaccine potency by combining a BAK/BAX siRNA-mediated antiapoptotic strategy to prolong dendritic cell life with an intracellular strategy to target antigen to lysosomal compartments. International Journal of Cancer, 2007;120(8):1696-703). For more information, contact T.H. Kang, Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Ansan, Gyeonggi, Korea. Publisher contact information for the International Journal of Cancer is: Wiley-Liss, Division John Wiley & Sons Inc., 111 River St., Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA. Keywords: Korea, Biotechnology, Vaccines. This article was prepared by Life Science Weekly editors from staff and other reports. Copyright 2007, Life Science Weekly via NewsRx.com.
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