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Studies from D. Zamarin and co-researchers in the area of molecular therapy published
2009 JUN 9 - (NewsRx.com) -- According to a study from the United States, "Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has been previously shown to possess oncolytic activity, causing specific lysis of cancerous but not normal cells. Here we show that despite these findings, the oncolytic efficiency of naturally occurring NDV strains can still be relatively low, as many tumors exhibit strong innate immune responses that suppress viral replication and spread." "To overcome this problem, we generated a recombinant fusogenic NDV expressing influenza NS1 protein, a protein exhibiting interferon (IFN)-antagonist and antiapoptotic functions in human and mouse cells. Interestingly, the resultant virus was dramatically enhanced in its ability to form syncytia, lyse a variety of human and mouse tumor cell lines, and suppressed the induction of the cellular IFN responses. Using the aggressive syngeneic murine melanoma model, we show that the NDV-NS1 virus is more effective than virus not expressing NS1 in clearing the established footpad tumors and results in higher overall long-term animal survival. In addition, mice treated with NDV-NS1 exhibited no signs of toxicity to the virus and developed tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses," wrote D. Zamarin and colleagues. The researchers concluded: "These findings demonstrate that modulation of innate immune responses by NDV results in enhancement of its oncolytic properties and warrant further investigation of this strategy in design of oncolytic NDV vectors against human tumors." Zamarin and colleagues published the results of their research in Molecular Therapy (Enhancement of Oncolytic Properties of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus Through Antagonism of Cellular Innate Immune Responses. Molecular Therapy, 2009;17(4):697-706). For additional information, contact D. Zamarin, Mt Sinai School Medical, Dept. of Microbiology, Box 1124, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl, New York City, NY 10029, USA. The publisher of the journal Molecular Therapy can be contacted at: Nature Publishing Group, 75 Varick St., 9TH Flr, New York, NY 10013-1917, USA. Keywords: United States, New York, Life Sciences, Molecular Therapies, Molecular Research, Influenza, Flu, Newcastle Disease, Newcastle Disease Virus, Virology, Viral Research, Interferon, Treatment, Therapy, Molecular Medicine. This article was prepared by Science Letter editors from staff and other reports. Copyright 2009, Science Letter via NewsRx.com.
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