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New findings in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney described from University of Sao Paulo
2009 MAY 25 - (NewsRx.com) -- "Nephrolithiasis (LIT) is more prevalent in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) than in the general population. Renal ultrasonography may underdetect renal stones because of difficulties imposed by parenchymal and/or cyst wall calcifications," scientists in Sao Paulo, Brazil report. "& measurements: A total of 125 patients with ADPKD underwent ultrasonography and unenhanced computed tomography (CT) scan, routine blood chemistry, and spot and 24-h urine collections. CT scan detected calculi in 32 patients, including 20 whose previous ultrasonography revealed no calculi. The percentage of hypocitraturia was high but not statistically different between patients with ADPKD+LIT or ADPKD. Hyperuricosuria and distal renal tubular acidosis were less prevalent but also did not differ between groups, whereas hyperoxaluria was significantly higher in the former. Hypercalciuria was not detected. Renal volume was significantly higher in patients with ADPKD+LIT versus ADPKD, and a stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a renal volume >= 500 ml was a significant predictor of LIT in patients with ADPKD and normal renal function, after adjustments for age and hypertension. CT scan was better than ultrasonography to detect LIT in patients with ADPKD," wrote J.L. Nishiura and colleagues, University of Sao Paulo. The researchers concluded: "Larger kidneys from patients with ADPKD were more prone to develop stones, irrespective of the presence of metabolic disturbances." Nishiura and colleagues published their study in Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (Evaluation of Nephrolithiasis in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Patients. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2009;4(4):838-844). For more information, contact I.P. Heilberg, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Division Nephrology, Rua Botucatu 740, Vila Clementino, BR-04023900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Publisher contact information for the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology is: American Society Nephrology, 1725 I St., NW Ste. 510, Washington, DC 20006, USA. Keywords: Brazil, Sao Paulo, Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney, Cysts, Kidney Calculi, Nephrolithiasis, Nephrology, Polycystic Kidney Disease, University of Sao Paulo. This article was prepared by Gastroenterology Week editors from staff and other reports. Copyright 2009, Gastroenterology Week via NewsRx.com.
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