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Virology

Pirate protein allows infection of resting cells

Published in AIDS Weekly, July 21st, 2003

Even after intense antiviral treatment, HIV-1 can still lurk in inactive cells in the human body, only to reappear at a later date. New research shows how viruses can create these reservoirs and infect inactive T cells.

Three cell types are involved in the process, according to Mario Stevenson and colleagues. First of all, HIV-1 infects a macrophage, causing it to produce a key viral protein, called Nef. The macrophage then releases at least two soluble factors, which stimulate another component of the immune system - nearby B cells. When these cells come into contact with non-cell-cycling T cells, the T cells become susceptible to HIV-1 infection.

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