"Weak Immunogenicity of the preS2 Sequence and Lack of Circumventing Effect on the Unresponsiveness to the Hepatitis B Virus Vaccine."

According to the authors' abstract of an article published in Vaccine, "The preS2 sequence is known to circumvent immunological unresponsiveness to the S protein and to induce a 'carrier' effect on the anti-S antibody production, in mice. In humans, an anti-S response was found in 100% and 97% of healthy subjects vaccinated with the S and S+preS2 preparations, respectively, whereas less than 50% of drinkers responded whatever the vaccine used. Anti-preS2 were found in 44% of healthy recipients of the S+preS2 vaccine, whereas there were no anti-preS2 responders in drinkers. Anti-preS2 remained undetectable in 32% of the blood donors hyperimmunized with the S+preS2 vaccine, whereas anti-S...

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